Activity 5.8 yard art design part files download

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We are reliable and trusted among all our clients and thus you can entrust your academic work on us. The gate of a graving dry dock is usually a caisson which is a complete vessel in itself, having a strong rectangular-shaped keel and end posts which bear against the bottom sill and side ledges at the entrance of the dry dock.

The caisson is designed so that its draft may be adjusted by water ballast until it bears against the sill and ledges and is equipped with flood valves and power pumps to make this adjustment. When a ship is to be docked, sluice valves in the caisson or in the deck structure are opened until the water in the dock reaches the same level as the water outside.

The caisson is then floated to one side, allowing a vessel to enter the dock. The caisson is then floated back to close the entrance, completely separating the basin from the waterway, and after the vessel is lined up over the keel blocks the water is pumped out of the dry dock. A railway dock consists of tracks built on an incline on a strong foundation and extending from a distance in-shore sufficient to allow docking a vessel of the maximum size for which the dock is built, to a distance underwater sufficient to allow the same vessel to enter the cradle.

The cradle running on the tracks may be of wood or steel fitted with keel and bilge blocks and sufficiently weighted to keep it on the track when in the water. A hoisting engine with a winding drum or wild cat is fitted at the in-shore end of the railway which operates the cradle by a cable or chain.

This type of dry dock is used for docking small ships. It is commonly called a " marine railway ". That property of a material which permits its being drawn out into a thread of wire. Any material, such as blocks, boards, paper, burlap, etc. A piece of tubing, generally brass, used with paint to transfer rivet hole layout from template to plate.

The end of the pipe is dipped in paint, and while still wet is pushed through each template hole, leaving an impression on the plate. Also called a "marker".

A piece of wood or steel fitted into an opening to cover up poor joints or crevices caused by poor workmanship. A form of crank in which a circular disk set eccentrically upon a shaft forms both the crank web and the crank pin and converts circular to rectilinear motion. This rectilinear travel is usually short relative to the diameter of the shaft so that an ordinary form of crank is impractical.

An abrupt border or margin, a bounding or dividing line, the part along the boundary. That edge of a strake of plating which laps outside another strake and is, therefore, in plain sight. The limit of stress intensity within which a material will return to its original size and shape when the load is removed and hence not take a permanent set.

A pipe fitting that makes an angle between adjacent pipes, always 90 degrees unless another angle is stated. Either a positive or negative pole or terminal in an electric circuit. See "polarity". The forward underwater portion of a vessel at or near the bow. The angle formed between the center line of the ship and the tangent to the designed waterline is called the angle of entrance. The state of equilibrium in which a vessel inclined from its original position of rest by an external force tends to maintain the inclined position assumed after that force has ceased to act.

The state of equilibrium in which a vessel inclined from its original position of rest by an external force tends to return to its original position after that force has ceased to act. The state of equilibrium in which a vessel inclined from its original position of rest by an external force tends to depart farther from the inclined position assumed after that force has ceased to act. The process of hoisting into place and joining the various parts of a ship's hull, machinery, etc.

An auxiliary for supplying fresh water, consisting of a salt water chamber heated by coils or nests of tubing through which live steam is circulated, converting the water into steam which is passed to a condenser or distiller to make up loss of boiler feed water or for other purposes requiring fresh water. When a boat rides on an even keel, its plane of flotation is either coincident with or parallel to the designed waterline. A term applied to a joint which permits linear movement to take up the expansion and contraction due to changing temperature or ship movement.

Overflow tanks used to provide for expansion, overflow, and replenishment of oil in stowage or cargo tanks. A trunk extending above a hold which is intended for stowage of liquid cargo. The surface of the cargo liquid is kept sufficiently high in the trunk to permit of expansion of the liquid without danger of excessive strain on the hull or of overflowing, and of contraction of the liquid without increase of the free surface and its accompanying effect upon the stability of the vessel.

The correct term or name applied to a certain class of pipe which is heavier than standard pipe and not as heavy as double extra strong pipe. Often, but less correctly, called extra heavy pipe. A hole through the head of a needle, pin, bolt, etc.

A "worked eye" is one having its edges rounded off like a ring, while a "shackle eye" is drilled straight through, permitting an inserted bolt or pin to bear along its entire length. A bolt having either a head looped to form a worked eye or a solid head with a hole drilled through it forming a shackle eye. The forward end of the space below the upper deck of a ship which lies next abaft the stem where the sides of the ship approach very near to each other.

The hawse pipes are usually run down through the eyes of a ship. To shape, assemble, and secure in place the component parts in order to form a complete whole. To manufacture. A flat plate fitted perpendicular to the web and welded to the web plate, or welded or riveted to the flange or flanges of a frame, beam stiffener, or girder to balance the continuous plating attached to the opposite flange of the member.

The ratio between either the ultimate strength of the elastic limit of the material and the allowed working stress. The former is usually referred to as the "nominal factor of safety" and the latter as the "real factor of safety". Elastic materials may have both nominal and real factors of safety, while for those materials having approximately the same values for ultimate strength and elastic limit, the distinction between real and nominal factors of safety is nonexistent.

Curves which do not in any portions of their entire lengths show such changes of direction as to mark those portions as out of harmony in any respect with the curves as a whole or with the other portions of the curves. To so draw the lines of a vessel that the defined surfaces will show no irregularities throughout their entire extent.

To line up the frames of a vessel under construction to their proper position. Rivet holes are said to be fair when corresponding holes in the members joined are concentric. A fitting or device used to preserve or to change the direction of a rope, chain, or wire so that it will be delivered fairly or on a straight lead to a sheave or drum without the introduction of extensive friction.

Fairleaders, or fairleads, are fixtures as distinguished from temporary block rigs. A term applied to plating fitted to form a shape similar to a frustrum of a cone around the ends of shaft tubes and strut barrels to prevent an abrupt change in the streamlines.

Also applied to any casting or plating fitted to the hull of a vessel for the purpose of preserving a smooth flow of water. To lay a rope or chain down in long bights side by side or in coils in regular order so that it will run out clear or can be easily and rapidly paid out. Also one complete circle of a coil of rope. By common usage, the entire length of rope used in a tackle, although a strict adherence to the term would limit its application to that end to which the power is applied.

The end secured to the block is called the standing part, the opposite end, the hauling part. The overhanging stern section of vessels which have round or elliptical after endings to uppermost decks and which extend well abaft the after perpendicular. A rope or chain used to moor a vessel to a wharf, designated in accordance with the end of the boat with which it is used as bow-fast or stern-fast. See "Painter". A nautical unit of length used in measuring cordage, chains, depths, etc.

The length varies in different countries, being six feet in the United States and in Great Britain. The term applied to various devices fastened to or hung over the sides of a vessel to prevent rubbing or chafing against other vessels or piers. On small craft, as tug boats, fenders of timber faced with hardwood or flat steel plate, or of steel structure run fore and aft on the outside of the vessel above the waterline and are firmly secured to the hull.

Wood spars, bundles of rope, woven cane, or rope-covered cork are hung over the sides by lines when permanent fenders are not fitted. A wood or metal bar used to support the weight of a topmast or a top-gallant mast when in position, being passed through a hole or mortise at its heel and resting on the trestle trees or other support. Also a hardwood tapering pin or tool, used by sailmakers and riggers to open the strands of a rope, eye, grommet, etc.

Framework built around a weather-deck hatch through which the smoke pipe passes. A partially raised deck over the engine and boiler rooms, usually around the smokestack. A term applied to a rail worked around a mast and fitted with holes to take belaying pins for securing the running gears. A term applied to the metal filling in the bosom or concave corners where abrupt changes in direction occur in the surface of a casting, forging, or weldment.

Pertaining to the direction, the control, and the firing of the vessel's batteries. A term applied to the connections and outlets, with the exception of valves and couplings, that are attached to pipes. A thick glass, usually circular in shape, fitted in a frame fixed in an opening in a ship's side, deck house, or bulkhead to provide access for light. The fixed light is not hinged. Often incorrectly called a dead light.

A term used to express the same meaning as flare, but more properly used to denote the maximum curl or roll given to the flare at the upper part, just below the weather deck. The turned edge of a plate or girder which acts to resist bending. The turned edge of a plate or shape for tying in intersecting structural members. A casting or forging attached to or worked integral with a pipe to form a disk, normal to the axis of an exterior to the pipe, for connecting lengths of pipe,.

The spreading out from a central vertical plane of the body of a ship with increasing rapidity as the section rises from the water line to the rail. Also a night distress signal. The sum of the utilized and the reserve buoyancy of a vessel, or the displacement of the completely watertight portion of the vessel when fully submerged.

The utilized buoyancy is that buoyancy required to support the weight of the vessel. The length of a vessel which may be flooded without sinking her below her safety or margin line. The value of the floodable length of a given vessel varies from point to point throughout her length due to change in form. Similarly at a given point it varies from time to time, depending upon the condition of loading and the permeability of the cargo.

A plate used vertically in the bottom of a ship running athwartship from bilge to bilge usually on every frame to deepen it. In wood ships, the lowest frame timber or the one crossing the keel is called the floor.

The palms or broad holding portions at the arm extremities of an anchor, which penetrate the ground. A fusable material or gas used to dissolve or prevent the formation of oxides, nitrides, or other undesirable inclusions formed in welding and brazing. Bottom boards of walking flats attached to the inside of the frames of small boats where deep floors are not fitted.

A term used in indicating portions or that part of a ship at or adjacent to the bow. Also applied to that portion and parts of the ship lying between the midship section and stem; as, fore body, fore hold, and foremast.

A short structure at the forward end of a vessel formed by carrying up the ship's shell plating a deck height above the level of her uppermost complete deck and fitting a deck over the length of this structure. The name applied to the crew's quarters on a merchant ship when they are in the fore part of the vessel. The lower end of a vessel's stem which is stepped on the keel. That point in the forward end of the keel about which the boat pivots in an endwise launching.

The extreme forward end of the vessel below decks. The forward trimming tank. A mass of metal worked to a special shape by hammering, bending, or pressing while hot. A line perpendicular to the base line and intersecting the forward side of the stem at the designed waterline. A term applied to the underwater portion of the outside of a vessel's shell when it is more or less covered with sea growth or foreign matter.

It has been found that even an oily film over the vessel's bottom will retard the speed, while sea growth will reduce a vessel's propulsive efficiency to a large extent. Also, obstructed or impeded by an interference, etc. A term generally used to designate one of the transverse ribs that make up the skeleton of a ship. The frames act as stiffeners, holding the outside plating in shape and maintaining the transverse form of the ship. A frame that is bent to fit around the boss in the way of a stern tube or shaft.

Molded lines of a vessel as laid out on the mold loft floor for each frame, showing the form and position of the frames. The vertical distance from the waterline to the top of the weather deck at side. Holes in the lower portion of a bulwark, which allow deck wash to drain off into the sea.

Some freeing ports have swinging gates which allow water to drain off but which are automatically closed by sea-water pressure. Strips of timber, metal, or boards fastened to frames, joists, etc.

The pieces of timber of which a frame in a wood ship is composed. Starting at the keel they are called the first futtock, second futtock, third futtock, and so on. A spar to which the top of a fore-and-aft sail is attached. It is usually fitted with a jaw at the mast end to clasp the mast.

An installation comprising a graduated glass tube, connected at the bottom end with the sea and with the top end open to the air, on which the draft of the vessel is shown by the level of water in the tube.

The process of coating one metal with another, ordinarily applied to the coating of iron or steel with zinc. The chief purpose of galvanizing is to prevent corrosion. A term applied to boards or a movable platform used in transferring passengers or cargo from a vessel to or from a dock. The term applied to a place of exit from a vessel. Gangways are fitted in the sides of a vessel in the shape of ports requiring means of closure or may be movable portions of bulwarks or railing on the weather decks.

A rope reeving through a single block aloft and used for hoisting or lowering rigging, drying clothing and hammocks, etc. The strakes of outside plating next to the keel. These strakes act in conjunction with the keel and are usually thicker than the other bottom strakes. Packing materials, by which air, water, oil, or steam tightness is secured in such places as on doors, hatches, steam cylinders, manhole covers, or in valves, between the flanges of pipes, etc.

Such materials as rubber, canvas, asbestos, paper, sheet lead and copper, soft iron, and commercial products are extensively used. A comprehensive term in general use on shipboard signifying the total of all implements, apparatus, mechanism, machinery, etc. A term applied to wheels provided with teeth that mesh, engage, or gear with similar teeth on other wheels in such manner that motion given one wheel will be imparted to the other.

A metal fitting to hold a member in place or press two members together, to afford a wearing or bearing surface, or to provide a means of taking up wear.

A device by which a ship's compass, chronometer, etc. It consists of two concentric brass hoops or rings whose diameters are pivoted at right angles to each other on knife-edge bearings. On ships this term is used to define a structural member which provides support for more closely spaced members, such as beams, frames, stiffeners, etc.

It may be longitudinal or transverse, continuous or intercoastal, and is usually supported by bulkheads and stanchions. The term is also used to designate the longitudinal members in the double bottom. The distance measured on any frame line, from the intersection of the upper deck with the side, around the body of the vessel to the corresponding point on the opposite side.

A swivelling fitting on the keel or mast end of a boom for connecting the boom to the mast. Also called a Pacific iron. A metal bar fastened to a bulkhead, house side, or elsewhere, to provide means of steadying a person when the ship rolls or pitches.

An implement having from four to six hooks or prongs, usually four, arranged in a circular manner around one end of a shank having a ring at its other end. Used as an anchor for small boats, for recovering small articles dropped overboard, to hook on to lines, and for similar purposes. Also known as a Grappling Hook. A structure of wood or metal bars so arranged as to give a support or footing over an opening, while still providing spaces between the members for the passage of light and the circulation of air.

The sharp forward end of the dished keel on which the stem is fixed. A curved piece of timber joining the forward end of the keel and the lower end of the cutwater.

A lashing, chain, or the like, used to secure small boats in the chocks and in sea position in the davits. A wreath or ring of rope. Fibre, usually soaked in red lead or some such substance, and used under the heads and nuts of bolts to secure tightness. A worked eye in canvas. A general term for all anchors, cables, ropes, etc. Timbers fixed to the ground and extending fore and aft under the hull on each side of the keel, to form a broad surface track on which the ship is end-launched.

Lugs cast or forged on the stern post for the purpose of hanging and hinging the rudder. Each is bored to form a bearing for a rudder pintle and is usually bushed with lignum vitae or white bearing metal.

A term applied to the line where a weather deck stringer intersects the shell. The upper edge of the side of an open boat. A term applied to the bar connecting a stringer plate on a weather deck to the sheer strake. A bracket plate lying in a horizontal, or nearly horizontal, plane. The term is often applied to bracket plates. Wire or hemp ropes or chains to support booms, davits, etc.

Guys to booms that carry sails are also known as backropes. A small auxiliary drum usually fitted on one or both ends of a winch or windlass. The usual method of hauling in or slacking off on ropes with the aid of a gypsy is to take one or more turns with the bight of the rope around the drum and to take in or pay out the slack of the free end. A plan or top view of one-half of a ship divided by the middle vertical plane. It shows the waterlines, cross section lines, bow and buttock lines, and diagonal lines of the ship's form projected on the horizontal base plane of the ship.

Light lines used in hoisting signals, flags, etc. Also applied to the ropes used in hoisting gaffs, sails, or yards. Articles of outfit, especially spars, rigging, etc. A plate riveted over another plate to cover a hole or break. The fore parts of the wales of a vessel which encompass her bows and are fastened to the stem, thickened to withstand plunging. The ribbands bent around a vessel under construction to which the cant frames are temporarily secured to hold them in their proper position.

An opening in a deck through which cargo may be handled, machinery or boilers installed or removed, and access obtained to the decks and holds below. Hatch is properly a cover to a hatchway but is often used as a synonym for hatchway. A term applied to flat bars used for securing and locking hatch covers. A bar over the hatch for rigging a tackle. A term applied to flat bars used to fasten and make tight the edges of the tarpaulins that are placed over hatches.

The batten and the edge of the tarpaulin are wedged tightly in closely-spaced cleats. A term applied to the portable beams fitted to the coamings for the purpose of supporting the hatch covers. An access hatchway leading from the weather deck to the quarters.

A small companion which is readily removable in one piece. A wooden, hoodlike covering for a hatchway, fitted with a sliding top. The supports which are attached to the inside of the coaming to take the ends of the hatch beams. A term applied to the clips attached to the outside of the hatch coaming for the purpose of holding the hatch battens and wedges which fasten the edges of the tarpaulin covers. Covers for closing the hatchway, in cargo ships usually made of wood planks in sections that can be handled by the crew.

In naval ship, steel hatch covers are used. The wood cover is made tight against rain and the sea by stretching one or more tarpaulins over them, secured at the edges by the hatch battens. A term applied to the shelf fitted inside and just below the top of the coaming for the purpose of supporting the hatch covers. A term applied to the space between a lower deck hatchway and the hatchway or hatchways immediately above it when enclosed by a casing. A trunk may be either watertight or nonwatertight.

The hawse hole; also the part of a ship's bow in which the hawse holes for the anchor chains are located. A conical-shaped canvas bag, stuffed with sawdust, oakum, or similar material, and fitted with a lanyard at apex and base, used for closing the hawse pipes around the chain to prevent shipping water through the pipes; also called a " jackass ", " hawse plug ", or " hawse block ".

A timber or metal bossing at the ends of a hawse pipe to ease the cable over the edges and to take the wear. Tubes leading the anchor chain from the deck on which the windlass is located down and forward through the vessel's bow plating. A term applied to the forward or after end coaming of a hatch, more frequently used in connection with wood coamings.

The fore end of a ship which was formerly fitted up for the accommodation of the crew. A term applied to a toilet on board of a ship. A ship is trimmed by the head when drawing more water forward and less aft than contemplated in her design. The convex intersecting point or corner of the web and flange of a bar. The inclination of a ship to one side, caused by wind or wave action or by shifting weights on board.

A bar that serves as a connecting piece between two bars which butt end-to-end. The flange of the heel bar is reversed from those of the bars it connects. A fore-and-aft frame, forming a truss for the main frames of a vessel to prevent bending. A term applied to the distortion of a vessel's hull when her ends drop below their normal position relative to her midship portion.

The sheer curve of the deck on a vessel, constructed so that the middle is higher than the ends. To raise or elevate by manpower or by the employment of mechanical appliances; any device employed for lifting weights. The space or compartment between the lowermost deck and the bottom of the ship, or top of the inner bottom if one is fitted. The space below decks allotted for the stowage of cargo.

Beams in a hold similar to deck beams but having no decking or planking on them. A shelter over a companionway, scuttle, etc. It is generally built of canvas spread over an iron frame. Once you order a custom written essay, our managers will assign your order to the most well-suited writer, who has the best skills and experience for preparing your specific assignment.

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